تنوع و سرعت استقرار فرآیندها و راهبردهای نظم بخش هیجان‌های غم، خشم، ترس و درد در کودکان: یک مطالعه کيفی
محورهای موضوعی : روانشناسیعلیرضا زرندی 1 , شعله امیری 2 * , حسین مولوی 3
1 - دانشکده علوم تربیتی و روانشناسی دانشگاه اصفهان
2 - دانشکده علوم تربیتی و روانشناسی دانشگاه اصفهان
3 - دانشکده علوم تربیتی و روانشناسی دانشگاه اصفهان
کلید واژه: نظم بخشی هیجان, کودکان, غم, خشم, ترس, درد,
چکیده مقاله :
این مطالعه باهدف تدوين الگوی تحولی بر اساس تنوع و سرعت استقرار فرآیندها و راهبردهای نظم بخش هيجان برای غم، خشم، درد و ترس انجام شد. مطالعه کیفی و از نوع تحليل محتوای جهت دار بود. مشارکت کنندگان در این مطالعه 108 کودک 4 تا 12 ساله بودند. داده ها از طریق انجام مصاحبه فردی و مشاهده کودکان پس از خواندن سناریوهای هیجان یا تجربه یک موقعیت هیجانی واقعی گردآوری شد. نتایج بر اساس کدگذاری رفتارها، خرده راهبردها، راهبردها و فرآیندهای تنظیم هیجان برای چهار هیجان غم، ترس، خشم و درد تحلیل شد. یافته ها مؤید تأثیرپذیری نظم بخشی هیجان از افزایش سن است، لذا پدیدهای تحول وابسته است. یافته ها نشان داد خط سير تحولی فرآيندهای نظم بخشی برای هر چهار هيجان يکسان و هم شکل است. آنچه در تحول انواع هیجانها متفاوت است، سرعت استقرار و تنوع فرآيندها و راهبردهای نظم بخش بسته به نوع هيجان است.
The purpose of this study was to examine a developmental model based on variety and acceleration in formation of the processes and strategies of emotion regulation for sadness, anger, fear and pain. Participants were one hundred eight children (age, 4- 12). A directive content analysis was used to gather data through individually standard interviews. Data were collected with semi-structured interviews and observation of children after presentation of emotional scenarios or encountering real situations generating emotion. Data were analysed based on coding the behaviours, sub-strategies, and emotion regulation processes for four emotions of sadness, fear, anger, and pain. Findings showed variety of emotion regulation processes and strategies in formation four emotions. Development of emotion regulation did not show an age-related different pathway for different emotions.
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