Relationship between Moral Identity and Emotional Well- Being: Mediating Role of Self-Deception
Subject Areas : PsychologyDr Barani 1 * , Farideh Yousefi 2
1 - Faculty of Education and Psychology, Shiraz University, Shiraz, Iran.
2 - Faculty of Education and Psychology, Shiraz University, Shiraz, Iran.
Keywords: emotional well-being moral identity self- deception ,
Abstract :
The aim of this study was to investigate the mediating role of self-deception in the relationship between moral identity and emotional well-being. The participants were 320 (170 women and 150 Men) undergraduate students from Shiraz University which were selected via random cluster sampling method, and completed the self- deception questionnaire of Sirvent et al. (2019), moral identity scale of Aquino & Reed (2002), and emotional well- being scale of Keyes & Magyar-Moe (2003). The validity and reliability of the research scales were also verified by confirmatory factor analysis and Cronbach's alpha coefficient. To test the research hypothesis, path analysis were used. The findings showed that the research model fited well with the data collected. Also, the results showed a negative and statistically significant relationship between the dimensions of moral identity and self-deception, a negative and statistically significant relationship between self-deception and emotional well-being, a positive and statistically significant relationship between internalization and emotional well-being. There was no statistically significant relationship between symbolization and emotional well-being. The mediating role of self-deception was also confirmed. In general, the findings of the present study indicated the importance of paying attention to the self-deception influence of moral identity and affecting students' emotional well-being. The results are discussed based on research and theoretical evidence.
اشتری، صدیقه؛ کاظمی، محمود؛ و صالحی، جواد (1396). رابطه عمل به باورهای دینی و هویت اخلاقی با بهزیستی روان¬شناختی: نقش واسطه¬ای هویت اخلاقی. روان¬شناسی و دین، 39، 84- 71.
بارانی، حمید و خرمائی، فرهاد (1399). رابطه منش های اخلاقی با ابعاد بی صداقتی تحصیلی با توجه به نقش واسطه ای خودفریبی. مجله روانشناسی، 24 (4)، 470 - 454 .
بلیر، سوسن؛ عرفانی، نصرالله؛ و صفایی¬راد، ایرج (1395). بررسی رابطه تحریف شناختی و کیفیت زندگی در بین زنان یائسه، نابارور، تحت عمل هیسترکتومی، فیبروم رحمی و زنان نابارور. مجله پژوهش سلامت، 1 (4)، 214- 207.
بننینک، فردریک ( 2012/ 1396). رفتار درمانی شناختی مثبتنگر. ترجمه اکرم خمسه. تهران: انتشارات ارجمند.
بیتا، محدثه و جعفری هرندی، رضا (1397). پیش بینی رضایت از زندگی بر اساس ویژگی های شخصیتی و مکانیزم های دفاعی. مطالعات اجتماعی روان شناختی زنان، 54، 149- 111.
جوکار، بهرام و حق نگهدار، مرجان (1395). رابطه هویت اخلاقی با بی صداقتی تحصیلی: بررسی نقش تعدیلی جنسیت. مطالعات آموزش و یادگیری، 8 (2)، 162-143.
دوایی، سوده؛ حجازی، الهه؛ و نقش، زهرا (1396). رابطه‌ی باورهای اساسی و بهزیستی ذهنی: نقش واسطه‌ای هویت اخلاقی در اواخر نوجوانی و ظهور بزرگ‌سالی. تازه‌های علوم شناختی، 76، 83- 70.
رحمانی، محمدعلی؛ امینی، ناصر؛ و سیرتی ثابت فومنی، زهرا (1393). بررسی رابطه تحریف¬های شناختی و بهزیستی روان¬شناختی با دلزدگی زناشوئی در زوجین متقاضی طلاق. مجله روان¬شناسی تربیتی، 5 (3)، 11- 1.
رحیمی، مهدی و فرهادی، سعید (1396). نقش واسطه گري انگيزش تحصيلي در رابطه‌ي بين هويت تحصيلي و ابعاد بهزيستي هيجاني. مجله مطالعات آموزش و یادگیری، 9 (2)، 36- 20.
گلمن، دانیل (1996/ 1390). زندگی در باتلاق فریب: روان¬شناسی خودفریبی. ترجمه رامین بختیاری. تهران: نشر نواندیش.
محمودنژاد، خاتون و شیخ¬الاسلامی، راضیه (1398). نقش واسطه¬ای عدم درگیری اخلاقی در رابطه بین هویت اخلاقی و رفتار غیرمولد تحصیلی. مطالعات آموزش و یادگیری، 11 (76)، 44- 26.
نقدی، مژگان و عناصری، مهریار (1397). اثربخشی امید درمانی بر بهزیستی روان¬شناختی و تاب¬آوری در بیماران مبتلا به اختلال استرس پس از سانحه. نشریه روان¬پرستاری، 6 (4)، 56- 49.
نیکخواه، مهسا (1397). رابطه بین ارضای نیازهای اساسی روان‌شناختی در مدرسه و بهزیستی هیجانی دانش‌آموزان: نقش واسطه‌ای راهبردهای شناختی تنظیم هیجان. پایان¬نامه کارشناسی ارشد، دانشکده علوم تربیتی و روان¬شناسی، دانشگاه شیراز.
هاشمیان، کیانوش؛ پورشهریاری، مه¬سیما؛ بنی¬جمالی، شکوه السادات؛ و گلستانی بخت، طاهره (1386). بررسی رابطه بین ویژگی¬های جمعیت شناختی با میزان بهزیستی ذهنی و شادمانی در جمعیت شهر تهران. فصلنامه مطالعات روان¬شناختی، 3 (3)، 163- 139.
Aquino, K., & Reed, I. I. (2002). The self-importance of moral identity. Journal of personality and social psychology, 83(6), 14-23.
Aquino, K., Freeman, D., Reed, I. I., Lim, V. K., & Felps, W. (2009). Testing a social-cognitive model of moral behavior: the interactive influence of situations and moral identity centrality. Journal of personality and social psychology, 97(1), 123- 141.
Aquino, K., McFerran, B., & Laven, M. (2011). Moral identity and the experience of moral elevation in response to acts of uncommon goodness. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 100(4), 703- 718.
Aquino, K., Reed II, A., Thau, S., & Freeman, D. (2007). A grotesque and dark beauty: How moral identity and mechanisms of moral disengagement influence cognitive and emotional reactions to war. Journal of Experimental Social Psychology, 43(3), 385-392.
Bandura, A. (1991). Social cognitive theory of moral thought and action. In W. M. Kurtines & J. L. Gewirtz (Eds.), Handbook of moral behavior and development (Vol. 1, pp. 45-103). Hillsdale, NJ: Erlbaum.
Barclay, L. J., Whiteside, D. B., & Aquino, K. (2014). To avenge or not to avenge? Exploring the interactive effects of moral identity and the negative reciprocity norm. Journal of business ethics, 121(1), 15-28.
Boegershausen, J., Aquino, K., & Reed II, A. (2015). Moral identity. Current Opinion in Psychology, 6, 162-166. Byrne, B. M. (2001). Structural equation modeling with AMOS, EQS, and LISREL: Comparative approaches to testing for the
factorial validity of a measuring instrument. International Journal of Testing, 1(1), 55-86. Depue, R. A., & Morrone-Strupinsky, J. V. (2005). A neurobehavioral model of affiliative bonding: Implications for
conceptualizing a human trait of affiliation. Behavioral and Brain Sciences, 28(3), 313-349. Fredrickson, B. L., & Losada, M. F. (2005). Positive affect and the complex dynamics of human flourishing. American
Psychologist, 60, 678–686. Gilbert, P., McEwan, K., Bellew, R., Mills, A., & Gale, C. (2009). The dark side of competition: How competitive behaviour and striving to avoid inferiority are linked to depression, anxiety, stress and self‐harm. Psychology and Psychotherapy: Theory,
Research and Practice, 82(2), 123-136. Hassed, C., & Chambers, R. (2014). Mindful Learning: Reduce stress and improve brain performance for effective learning
(Vol. 3). Exisle Publishing. Jiménez, M. D. L. V. M., & Ruiz, C. S. (2014). Evaluation of self-deception: validation of the iam-40 inventory. International
Journal of Psychology and Psychological Therapy, 14(2), 203-216. Kavussanu, M., & Ring, C. (2017). Moral identity predicts doping likelihood via moral disengagement and anticipated guilt.
Journal of sport & exercise psychology, 39(4), 293-301. Keyes, C. L. M. & Magyar-Moe, J. L. (2003). The measurement and utility of adult subjective well-being. In S. J. Lopez and R. Snyder (Eds.), Positive Psychological assessment: Handbook of models and measures (pp. 411-425). Washington, DC:
American Psychological Association. Kim-Prieto, C., Diener, E., Tamir, M., Scollon, C., & Diener, M. (2005). Integrating the diverse definitions of happiness: A time-
sequential framework of subjective well-being. Journal of happiness Studies, 6(3), 261-300. McFerran, B., Aquino, K., & Duffy, M. (2010). How personality and moral identity relate to individuals’ ethical ideology.
Business Ethics Quarterly, 20(1), 35-56. Mulder, L. B., & Aquino, K. (2013). The role of moral identity in the aftermath of dishonesty. Organizational Behavior and
Human Decision Processes, 121(2), 219-230.
Myers, D. G., & Diener, E. (1995). Who is happy?. Psychological science, 6(1), 10-19. Pekrun, R. (2006). The control-value theory of achievement emotions: Assumptions, corollaries, and implications for
educational research and practice. Educational psychology review, 18(4), 315-341.
Pekrun, R., & Linnenbrink-Garcia, L. (Eds.). (2014). International handbook of emotions in education. Routledge. Rupp, D. E., Shao, R., Thornton, M. A., & Skarlicki, D. P. (2013). Applicants' and employees' reactions to corporate social responsibility: The moderating effects of first‐party justice perceptions and moral identity. Personnel Psychology, 66(4),
895-933. Ryff, C. D., & Singer, B. H. (2006). Best news yet on the six-factor model of well-being. Social Science Research, 35(4),
1103-1119. Schumacker, R. E., & Lomax, R. G. (2004). A beginner's guide to structural equation modeling. Psychology press. Seligman, M. E., & Csikszentmihalyi, M. (2000). Positive psychology: An introduction. American Psychological Association, 55,
5-14.
Sirvent, C. (2006). Self-deception and addiction. Northern Mental Health, 26, 39-47. Sirvent, C., Herrero, J., de la Villa Moral, M., & Rodríguez, F. J. (2019). Evaluation of self-deception: Factorial structure,
reliability and validity of the SDQ-12 (self-deception questionnaire). PloS one, 14(1), e0210815.
Snyder, C. R., & Lopez, S. J. (2009). The handbook of positive psychology. New York: Oxford University Press. Starke, M. L. (2006). Self-deception and Other-deception in Personality Assessment: Detection and Implications. A Dissertation Submitted to the Graduate School of the University of Missouri-St. Louis In partial Fulfillment of the
Requirements for the Degree Doctor of Philosophy in Industrial/Organizational Psychology. Von Hippel, W., & Trivers, R. (2011). The evolution and psychology of self-deception. Behavioral and Brain Sciences, 34(1),
1- 56. Waterman, A. S. (2013). The humanistic psychology–positive psychology divide: Contrasts in philosophical foundations.
American Psychologist, 68(3), 124- 133. Whitelaw, S,. Swiftc. J., Scobie, G. & Clark, S.(2008). Physical Activity and Mental Health: The role of physical activity in promoting mental wellbeing and preventing mental health problems. Published by NHS Health Scotland. Adolescents.
Journal of Sport Science, 22, 679-701.
Whitson, J. A., & Galinsky, A. D. (2008). Lacking control increases illusory pattern perception. Science, 322(5898), 115-117. Winterich, K. P., Aquino, K., Mittal, V., & Swartz, R. (2013). When moral identity symbolization motivates prosocial behavior:
The role of recognition and moral identity internalization. Journal of applied psychology, 98(5), 759- 770. Winterich, K. P., Mittal, V., & Aquino, K. (2013). When does recognition increase charitable behavior? Toward a moral
identity-based model. Journal of Marketing, 77(3), 121-134. Ziegler, M., MacCann, C., & Roberts, R. (Eds.). (2011). New perspectives on faking in personality assessment. Oxford
University Press.