Developing and Validation of Couples therapy Package Focused on Improving Relationship Disengagement in marriage
Subject Areas :Faezeh Salayani 1 , Mohammad Ali Besharat 2 * , Mohammad Javad Asghari EbrahimAbad 3 , Behrooz Mahram 4 , Sakineh Soltani Kohbanani 5
1 - Ph.D. candidate in Counseling, Faculty of Education and Psychology, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran.
2 - Department of Psychology, Faculty of Psychology and Education, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran.
3 - Department of Psychology, Faculty of Education and Psychology, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran.
4 - Department of Curriculum studies, Faculty of Education and Psychology, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran
5 - Department of Education and Counseling Psychology, Faculty of Education and Psychology, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran
Keywords: couple therapy package, couple, relationship disengagement, dissatisfaction,
Abstract :
Relationship disengagement is one of the most common problems raised by couples. It refers to the process of emotional disengagement, which is usually known as separation from the partner or feelings of indifference towards the spouse/partner. The purpose of the current research was to develop and validate a couple therapy package focused on improving relationship disengagement. The research method, in the first part, was a systematic review of various articles related to treatment in the field of couple therapy in Farsi and English databases from 2003 to 2022. The data obtained from these sources were analyzed with the qualitative method of thematic analysis, the common elements were identified and coded, and based on that, the couple therapy package was developed. After developing the couple therapy package, using the opinion of five experts in the field of couple therapy and counseling, it was decided to determine the content validity of the package. The sampling method was purposeful. The research tool was the written articles in Farsi and English databases. The results showed that initial assessment and interview, increased emotional involvement, reconstructed and improved couple conflict interactions, cognitive reconstruction and modulated schemas, changed behavior/increased positive exchanges between spouses, taught skills and increased acceptance and tolerance were the main elements of the couple therapy package and is set in 14 weekly sessions in 90 min. Based on the research findings, the couple therapy package based on relationship disengagement can be helpful in improving couples' communication patterns, resolving conflicts, and changing negative behaviors.
قاسمی مقدم، کبری؛ شفیع‌‌آبادی، عبدالله و شریفی، اصغر. (۱۴۰۲). تبیین الگوی پیش‌‌بینی تعارضات زناشویی دانشجویان براساس نیازهای اساسی. مجله روان‌شناسی ۱۰۵، ۲۷(۱)، ۵۱-۵۸.
محمدی، محمد؛ اژه‌‌ای، جواد و غلامعلی لواسانی، مسعود. (۱۳۹۷). اثربخشی آموزش رویکرد هیجانمدار بر دلزدگی زناشویی و میل به طلاق در زوج‌‌ها. مجله روان‌شناسی ۸۸، ۲۲(۴)،۳۶۲-۳۷۸.
محمدیاری، انسیه؛ رضایی شریف، علی؛ کیانی، احمدرضا و صدری دمیرچی، اسماعیل. (۱۴۰۱). واکاوی باورهای ارتباطی ناکارامد زنان دارای تعارض زناشویی براساس تجربه زیسته. علوم روانشناختی، ۲۱(۱۱۹)، ۲۱۹۸-۲۱۸۳.
نادری، سارا؛ غلامعلی لواسانی، مسعود و قاسم‌‌زاده، سوگند. (۱۴۰۲). مقایسه رابطه طرحوارههاي ناسازگار اولیه با بهزیست ی روان شناختی و نقش میانجیگر راهبردهاي تنظیم شناخت ی هیجان در نوجوانان با و بدون سابقه طلاق والدین. مجله روان‌شناسی۱۰۸، ۲۷(۴)،۴۰-۴۱۵.
نظری، وکیل؛ محمدخانی، پروانه و دولتشاهی، بهروز. (۱۳۹۰). مقایسه اثربخشی زوج‌درمانی شناختی رفتاری غنی‌شده و زوج‌درمانی تلفیقی رفتاری در افزایش رضایت زناشویی. پژوهش‌های نوین روانشناختی (روان‌شناسی دانشگاه تبریز)، ۶(۲۲)،۱۴۳-۱۶۹.
Barry, R. A., Lawrence, E., & Langer, A. (2008). Conceptualization and assessment of disengagement in romantic relationships. Personal Relationships, 15, 297–315. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1475-6811.2008.00200.x
Barry, R. A., & Lawrence, E. (2013). “Don’t stand so close to me”: An attachment perspective of disengagement and avoidance in marriage. Journal of Family Psychology, 27(3), 484. https://doi.org/10.1037/a0032867
Barton, A. W., & Bryant, C. M. (2016). Financial strain, trajectories of marital processes, and African American newlyweds’ marital instability. Journal of Family Psychology, 30(6), 657. https://doi.org/10.1037/fam0000190
Bodenmann, G., Kessler, M., Kuhn, R., Hocker, L., & Randall, A. K. (2020). Cognitive-behavioral and emotion-focused couple therapy: Similarities and differences. Clinical Psychology in Europe, 2(3), e2741. https://doi.org/10.32872/cpe.v2i3.2741
Boisvert, M.-M., Wright, J., Tremblay, N., & McDuff, P. (2011). Couples’ reports of relationship problems in a naturalistic therapy setting. The Family Journal: Counseling and Therapy for Couple and Families, 19, 362–368. https://doi.org/10.1177/1066480711420044
Callaci, M., Péloquin, K., Barry, R. A., & Tremblay, N. (2020). A dyadic analysis of attachment insecurities and romantic disengagement among couples seeking relationship therapy. Journal of marital and family therapy, 46(3), 399-412. https://doi.org/10.1111/jmft.12422
Chorpita, B. F., Daleiden, E. L., & Weisz, J. R. (2005). Identifying and selecting the common elements of evidence-based interventions: A distillation and matching model. Mental Health Services Research, 7(1), 5-20. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11020-005-1962-6
Doss, B. D., Simpson, L. E., & Christensen, A. (2004). Why do couples seek marital therapy? Professional Psychology, Research and Practice, 35, 608–614. https://doi.org/10.1037/0735-7028.35.6.608
Faircloth, W. B., Schermerhorn, A. C., Mitchell, P. M., Cummings, J. S., & Cummings, E. M. (2011). Testing the long-term efficacy of a prevention program for improving marital conflict in community families. Journal of Applied Developmental Psychology, 32(4), 189-197. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.appdev.2011.05.004
Gifford, W., Davies, B., Edwards, N., Griffin, P., & Lybanon, V. (2007). Managerial leadership for nurses' use of research evidence: an integrative review of the literature. Worldviews on Evidence‐Based Nursing, 4(3), 126-145. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1741-6787.2007.00095.x
Guilbert, D. E., Vacc, N. A., & Pasley, K. (2000). The relationship of gender role beliefs, negativity, distancing, and marital instability. The Family Journal, 8(2), 124-132. https://doi.org/10.1177/1066480700082003
Halford, W. K., & Snyder, D. K. (2012). Universal processes and common factors in couple therapy and relationship education. Behavior Therapy, 43, 1–12. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.beth.2011 .01.007
Hess, J. A. (2003). Measuring distance in personal relationships: The relational distance index. Personal Relationships, 10(2), 197-216. https://doi.org/10.1111/1475-6811.00046
Kayser, K. (1993). When love dies: The process of marital disaffection. New York, NY: Guilford Press.
Leonhardt, N. D., Willoughby, B. J., Dyer, W. J., & Carroll, J. S. (2020). Longitudinal influence of shared marital power on marital quality and attachment security. Journal of Family Psychology, 34(1), 1-11. https://doi.org/10.1037/fam0000566
Marchand, J. F., & Hock, E. (2000). Avoidance and attacking conflict‐resolution strategies among married couples: Relations to depressive symptoms and marital satisfaction. Family Relations, 49(2), 201-206. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1741-3729.2000.00201.x
McNulty, J. K., Maxwell, J. A., Meltzer, A. L., & Baumeister, R. F. (2019). Sex-differentiated changes in sexual desire predict marital dissatisfaction. Archives of Sexual Behavior, 48, 2473-2489. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10508-019-01471-6
Peterson, B. D., Eifert, G. H., Feingold, T., & Davidson, S. (2009). Using acceptance and commitment therapy to treat distressed couples: A case study with two couples. Cognitive and behavioral Practice, 16(4), 430-442. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cbpra.2008.12.009
Salayani, F., Asghari Ebrahimabad, M., Besharat, M. A., Mahram, B., & Soltani Kohbanani, S. (2024). Factors Influencing Relationship Disengagement in Married Couples: A Qualitative Study. Journal of Qualitative Research in Health Sciences, 13(2), 80-89. https://doi.org/10.34172/jqr.2024.12
Snyder, D. K., Heyman, R. E., & Haynes, S. N. (2005). Evidence-based approaches to assessing couple distress. Psychological assessment, 17(3), 288-307. https://doi.org/10.1037/1040-3590.17.3.288
Shadish, W. R., & Baldwin, S. A. (2005). Effects of behavioral marital therapy: A meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 73, 6–14. https://doi.org/10.1037/0022-006x.73.1.6
Shadish, W. R., & Baldwin, S. A. (2003). Meta‐analysis of MFT interventions. Journal of Marital and Family Therapy, 29(4), 547-570. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1752-0606.2003.tb01694.x
Saeed Abbasi, I. (2018). The link between romantic disengagement and Facebook addiction: Where does relationship commitment fit in? The American Journal of Family Therapy, 46(4), 375-389. https://doi.org/10.1080/01926187.2018.1540283
Wiebe, S. A., & Johnson, S. M. (2016). A review of the research in emotionally focused therapy for couples. Family Process, 55(3), 390-407. https://doi.org/10.1111/famp.12229
Whisman, M. A., & Robustelli, B. L. (2016). Intimate relationship functioning and psychopathology. The Oxford handbook of relationship science and couple interventions, 69-82. https://doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199783267.013.13
Whisman, M. A. (2019). Psychopathology and couple and family functioning. In APA handbook of contemporary family psychology: Applications and broad impact of family psychology, Vol. 2 (pp. 3-20). American Psychological Association. https://doi.org/10.1037/0000100-001
Yadav, D. (2022). Criteria for good qualitative research: A comprehensive review. The Asia-Pacific Education Researcher, 31(6), 679-689. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40299-021-00619-0