Developing a causal model of adolescent vulnerability to addiction based on the sensitivity of sensory processing and behavioral brain systems with the mediation of childhood trauma
Subject Areas : Psychology
safura
keyvanlo
1
(Department of Psychology, Faculty of Educational Sciences and Psychology, University of Mohaghegh Ardabili, Ardabil, Iran.)
Akbar
Atadokht
2
(Department of Psychology, Faculty of Educational Sciences and Psychology, University of Mohaghegh Ardabili, Ardabil, Iran.)
Keywords: .addiction, sensory processing sensitivity, brain-behavioral systems, childhood trauma.,
Abstract :
Adolescents are heavily influenced by social and cultural changes that are exposed to harmful environmental stimuli such as addictive; Therefore, the present study was conducted with the aim of investigating the causal model of adolescent vulnerability to addiction based on the sensitivity of sensory processing and brain-behavioral systems with the mediation of childhood trauma in the city of Mashhad. The present study was a descriptive correlation in terms of its practical purpose and the method of data collection. The statistical population of the research was all secondary school students of the second year of Mashhad in the academic year of 1402-1401. 228 students were selected by cluster sampling method. In order to collect data, Enisi's questionnaires for identifying people at risk of addiction, Aron's and Aron's sensory processing sensitivity, Carver's and White's brain-behavioral systems, and Bernstein et al.'s trauma questionnaire were used. The collected data were analyzed using structural equation modeling method and SPSS27 and Lisrel8.8 software. The results of the research showed that the sensitivity variables of sensory processing and behavioral brain systems have a direct and significant effect on vulnerability to addiction. The results related to the fit indices of the model also showed that childhood trauma can mediate the sensitivity of sensory processing and behavioral brain systems with vulnerability to addiction.
ابراهیمی، حجت‌الله؛ دژکام، محمود؛ و ثقه الاسلام، طاهره. (1392) تروماهای دوران کودکی و اقدام به خودکشی در بزرگسالی . مجله روانپزشكي و روانشناسي باليني ايران. 19(4)، 282-275.
ارباب، حمزه؛ میرزاحسنی، حسن؛ و منیرپور، نادر. (1398). پیش‌بینی عود مصرف مواد براساس آسیبهای دوران کودکی: نقش میانجی بیگانگی روابط موضوعی سازمان شخصیت مرزی و افسردگی. روانشناسی بالینی، 4(44)، 12-1.
امیری، سهراب، عیسی زادگان،علی، یعقوبی، ابوالقاسم وعبداللهی، محمدحسین . (1397).تاثیر آزمایشی ارزیابی شناختی و سرکوب گری هیجانی بر کارکردهای اجرایی و حافظه هیجانی بر اساس ابعاد زیستی حساسیت پردازش حسی، فصلنامه روانشناسی، 22(1)، 67.
انفعال، نوید؛ امیدوار، بنفشه؛ و زارع‌نژاد، محمد. (1400). پیش بینی صفات سازمان شخصیت مرزی بر اساس ترومای دوران کودکی و جو عاطفی خانواده در افراد معتاد به مواد مخدر. مجله علمی پژوهان. ۱۹ (۳) :۱-۱۱
بشرپور، سجاد؛ و رهبری غازانی، نسرین. (1399). رابطه حساسیت پردازش حسی و سبک‌های پردازش اطلاعات با نشانگان بالینی در افراد وابسته به مواد. فصلنامه علمی اعتيادپژوهي، ۱۴ (۵۷) :۲۹۳-۳۰۹.
جراره، جمشید و سیفوری، امید. (1402). پیش بینی اختلالات شخصیت بر اساس ترومای پیچیده و روابط موضوعی با میانجی گری توانمندی ایگو در دانشجو معلمان، فصلنامه روانشناسی،. (1)27، 69-59.
جعفری‌نسب، سودابه؛ کدخدایی، مریم. (1401). رابطۀ نظام‌های مغزی رفتاری با اعتیاد به اینترنت: نقش واسطه‌ای اضطراب اجتماعی. فصلنامه روانشناسی تحولی، 73(19)، 90-79.
حسین‌پور، فاطمه؛ و محمودیان، طاهره. (1397). مقایسه پردازش حسی، سلامت اجتماعی و نشخوار فکری مراجعه‌کنندگان به مراکز ترک اعتیاد سرپایی و افراد عادی شهر ساری. پایان‌نامه کارشناسی ارشد روانشناسی بالینی، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی واحد بهشهر.
سجادی‌نژاد، مرضیه السادات و اکبری چرمهینی، صغرا .(1401). مقایسه روند تحولی هوش شناختی، هوش هیجانی و هوش معنوی از نوجوانی تا بزرگسالی، فصلنامه روانشناسی. (1)26، 55-45.
شاره، حسین؛ و رامشینی، مجید. (1398). نقش سبک‌های دلبستگی و سیستم‌های مغزی رفتاری در عود سوءمصرف مواد معتادان وابسته به مواد افیونی. مجله اصول بهداشت روانی، 1(22)، 67-57.
عطاری، ترانه؛ رادمان، نرگس؛ و قاضی‌زاده، علی. (1401) بررسی ویژگی‌های روان‌سنجی نسخه فارسی مقیاس حساسیت پردازش حسی. تازه های علوم شناختی. ۲۴ (۲) :۱۱۳-۱۲۶
غلامی کلاته، فاطمه؛ همایونی، علیرضا؛ و زارع، محبوبه. (1399). مدل یابی سیستم‌های مغزي رفتاری و بدتنظیمی هيجان با آسیب‌پذیری رواني در افراد وابسته به مواد در حال بهبودی. فصلنامه علمی اعتیادپژوهی، 57، 272-255.
فراوانی، رضا؛ امینی، ناصر؛ دیره، عزت؛ و شفیع‌آبادی، عبدالله. (1398). مدل‌یابی معادلات ساختاری پیش‌بینی اعتیادپذیری بر اساس طرح‌واره وابستگی/بی‌کفایتی و تحمل پریشانی با نقش میانجی‌گری سیستم‌های مغزی – رفتاری در دانش‌آموزان. فرهنگ مشاوره و روان‌درمانی، 38(10)، 57-31.
کرمی، ناهید؛ امینی، ناصر؛ بهروزی، محمد؛ و جعفری‌نیا، غلامرضا. (1399). پیش‌بینی تحمل پریشانی براساس سیستم‌های مغزی رفتاری، ویژگی‌های شخصیتی هگزاکو و انزوای اجتماعی در افراد وابسته به مواد مخدر. فصلنامه علمی اعتیادپژوهی، 58، 290-265.
کیان‌ارثی، سارا؛ عباس پور، ذبیح‌اله؛ و اصلانی، خالد. (1401). اثربخشی خانواده‌درمانی رفتاری بر وسوسه مصرف مواد در نوجوانان ترک‌کننده سوءمصرف مواد. فصلنامه علمی اعتیادپژوهی، 16(64)، 80-61.
محمدی، نوراله. (1387). ويژگي¬هاي روان سنجي مقياس¬هاي سيستم بازداري و فعال سازي رفتار در دانشجويان دانشگاه شيراز. دوماهنامه علمي- پژوهشي دانشگاه شاهد، سال پانزدهم- دوره جديد، شماره 28.
میکائیلی، نیلوفر؛ و پرنیان خوی، مریم. (1400). نقش میانجی سرکوبگری عاطفی در رابطه آزاردیدگی دوران کودکی و سبک‌های دلبستگی با آسیب‌پذیری نسبت به اعتیاد در نوجوانان پسر. فصلنامه پژوهش‌های نوین روان‌شناختی، 61، 176-161.
میکائیلی، نیلوفر؛ و پرنیان خوی، مریم. (1400). نقش میانجی سرکوبگری عاطفی در رابطه آزاردیدگی دوران کودکی و سبک‌های دلبستگی با آسیب‌پذیری نسبت به اعتیاد در نوجوانان پسر. فصلنامه پژوهش‌های نوین روان‌شناختی، 61، 176-161.
Aron, E. N., & Aron, A. (1997). Sensory-processing sensitivity and its relation to introversion and emotionality. Journal of personality and social psychology, 73(2), 345.
Aron, EN., Aron, A., Jagiellowicz, J. (2012). Sensory Processing Sensitivity: A Review in the Light of the Evolution of Biological Responsivity. PSPR,16(3):262–82.
Bach, B., Bo, S., Simonsen, E. (2022). Maladaptive personality traits may link childhood trauma history to current internalizing symptoms. Scand J Psychol, 63(5):468-475.
Bacon, A. M., Corr, P. J., & Satchell, L. P. (2018). A reinforcement sensitivity theory explanation of antisocial behaviour. Personality and Individual Differences, 123, 87-93.
Bas, S., Kaandorp, M., de Kleijn, Z. P., Braaksma, W. J., Bakx, A. W., & Greven, C. U. (2021). Experiences of adults high in the personality trait sensory processing sensitivity: A qualitative study. Journal of Clinical Medicine, 10(21), 4912.
Bashapoor, S., Hosseini-Kiasari, S. T., Daneshvar, S., & Kazemi-Taskooh, Z. (2015). Comparing sensory information processing and alexithymia between people with substance dependency and normal. Addiction & health, 7(3-4), 174.
Bernstein, D. P., Stein, J. A., Newcomb, M. D., Walker, E., Pogge, D., Ahluvalia, T., ... & Zule, W. (2003). Development and validation of a brief screening version of the Childhood Trauma Questionnaire. Child abuse & neglect, 27(2), 169-190.
Boterberg, S., & Warreyn, P. (2016). Making sense of it all: the impact of sensory processing sensitivity on daily functioning of children. Personality and Individual Differences, 92, 80–86.
Cattane, N., Rossi, R., Lanfredi, M., Cattaneo, A. (2017). Borderline personality disorder and childhood trauma: Exploring the affected biological systems and mechanisms. BMC Psychiatry,, 17(1):221.
Chalk, R. (2002). The multiple Dimensions of child abuse and Neglect: New insight into Old Problem, Chide trends, available at www.proquest.umi.com.
Che, Q., Yang, P., Gao, H., Liu, M., Zhang, J., & Cai, T. (2020). Application of the Chinese version of the BIS/BAS scales in participants with a substance use disorder: An analysis of psychometric properties and comparison with community residents. Frontiers in Psychology, 11, 912.
Chistiakov, D. A., & Chekhonin, V. P. (2017). Early-life adversity-induced long-term epigenetic programming associated with early onset of chronic physical aggression: Studies in humans and animals. The World Journal of Biological Psychiatry.
Creech, SK., Smith, J., Grimes, JS., Meagher, MW. (2011). Written emotional disclosure of trauma and trauma history alter pain sensitivity. J Pain, 12(7):801–10.
Dias de Mattos Souza, L., Lopez Molina, M., Azevedo da Silva, R., Jansen, K. (2016). History of childhood trauma as risk factors to suicide risk in major depression. Psychiatry Res, 246:612–6.
Dunn, W. (2001). The sensations of everyday life: empirical, theoretical, and pragmatic considerations. Am J Occup Ther, 55(6):608–20.
Dye, H. (2018). The impact and long-term effects of childhood trauma. J Hum Behav Soc Environ, 28(3):381–92.
Easter J, McClure EB, Monk CS. Emotion recognition deficits in pediatric anxiety disorders: implications for amygdala research. J Child Adolesc Psychopharmacol. 2005;15(4):563–70.
Erdle, S., & Rushton, J. P. (2010). The general factor of personality, BIS–BAS, expectancies of reward and punishment, self-esteem, and positive and negative affect. Personality and Individual Differences, 48(6), 762-766.
Gamari-Give, H., Basharpoor, S. (2010). Comparison of sensory and semantic information processing in patients with schizophrenia, major depression and normal individuals. Journal of Clinical Psycology, 2(1):17–25.
Garami, J., Valikhani, A., Parkes, D., Haber, P., Mahlberg, J., Misiak, B., ... & Moustafa, A. A. (2019). Examining perceived stress, childhood trauma and interpersonal trauma in individuals with drug addiction. Psychological reports, 122(2), 433-450.
Garofoli, M. (2020). Adolescent substance abuse. Primary Care, 47(2):383–94. Epub 2020/05/20. pmid:32423721
Gomez, R., Watson, S., & Stavropoulos, V. (2020). Associations of behavioral inhibition system with negatively biased social cognitions: Moderation by the behavioral approach system. Personality and Individual Differences, 166, 110164.
Gray, KM., Squeglia, LM. (2018). Research Review: What have we learned about adolescent substance use? Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 59(6):618–27. Epub 2017/07/17. pmid:28714184
Green, J. G., McLaughlin, K. A., Berglund, P. A., Gruber, M. J., Sampson, N. A., Zaslavsky, A. M., & Kessler, R. C. (2010). Childhood adversities and adult psychiatric disorders in the national comorbidity survey replication I: associations with first onset of DSM-IV disorders. Archives of general psychiatry, 67(2), 113-123.
Hamidullah, S., Thorpe, HHA., Frie, JA., Mccurdy, RD., Khokhar, JY. (2020). Adolescent substance use and the brain: behavioral, cognitive and neuroimaging correlates. Frontiers in Human Neuroscience. 2020;14(298). pmid:32848673
Harrison, LA., Kats, A., Williams, ME., Aziz-Zadeh, L. (2019). The Importance of Sensory Processing in Mental Health: A Proposed Addition to the Research Domain Criteria (RDoC) and Suggestions for RDoC 2.0. Front Psychol, 10:103. Published 2019 Feb 5.
Hillis, S., Mercy, J., Amobi, A., & Kress, H. (2016). Global prevalence of past-year violence against children: a systematic review and minimum estimates. Pediatrics, 137(3).
Hoffmann, A., Benzano, D., Ornell, F., Kessler, F. H., von Diemen, L., & Schuch, J. B. (2022). Childhood trauma subtypes may influence the pattern of substance use and preferential substance in men with alcohol and/or crack-cocaine addiction. Brazilian Journal of Psychiatry, 44, 416-419.
Howard, ARH., Lynch, AK., Call, CD., Cross, DR. (2020). Sensory processing in children with a history of maltreatment: an occupational therapy perspective. Vulnerable Child Youth Stud, 15(1):60–7.
Imperatori, C., Barchielli, B., Corazza, O., Carbone, G. A., Prevete, E., Montaldo, S., ... & Bersani, F. S. (2023). The Relationship Between Childhood Trauma, Pathological Dissociation, and Behavioral Addictions in Young Adults: Findings from a Cross-Sectional Study. Journal of Trauma & Dissociation, 24(3), 348-361.
Karaca Dinç, P., Oktay, S. & Durak Batıgün, A. Mediation role of alexithymia, sensory processing sensitivity and emotional-mental processes between childhood trauma and adult psychopathology: a self-report study. BMC Psychiatry 21, 508 (2021).
Kim, B. N., & Kwon, S. M. (2017). The link between hypomania risk and creativity: The role of heightened behavioral activation system (BAS) sensitivity. Journal of affective disorders, 215, 9 -14
Kwak, M. J., Cho, H., & Kim, D. J. (2022). The Role of Motivation Systems, Anxiety, and Low Self-Control in Smartphone Addiction among Smartphone-Based Social Networking Service (SNS) Users. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 19(11), 6918.
LaBrie, JW., Kenney, SR., Napper, LE., Miller, K.(2014). Impulsivity and alcohol-related risk among college students: examining urgency, sensation seeking and the moderating influence of beliefs about alcohol's role in the college experience. Addict Behav, 39(1):159–64.
Lerner, D., Hatak, I., Rauch, A. (2018). Deep roots? Behavioral Inhibition and Behavioral Activation System (BIS/BAS) sensitivity and entrepreneurship. Journal of Business Venturing Insights, 9, 107-115.
McNaughton, N., & Corr, P. J. (2008). The neuropsychology of fear and anxiety: A foundation for Reinforcement Sensitivity Theory, pp: 1-557.
Merchán -Clavellino, A., Alameda -Bailén, J. R., Zayas García, A., & Guil, R. (2019). Mediating effect of trait emotional intelligence between the behavioral activation system (BAS)/behavioral inhibition system (BIS) and positive and negative affect. Frontiers in psychology, 10, 424
Meredith, P., Moyle, R., & Kerley, L. (2020). Substance use: links with sensory sensitivity, attachment insecurity, and distress in young adults. Substance Use & Misuse, 55(11), 1817-1824.
Moustafa, A. A., Parkes, D., Fitzgerald, L., Underhill, D., Garami, J., Levy-Gigi, E., ... & Misiak, B. (2021). The relationship between childhood trauma, early-life stress, and alcohol and drug use, abuse, and addiction: An integrative review. Current Psychology, 40, 579-584.
National Clearing house on Child Abuse and Neglect information. (2004). Long –term Consequences of Child abuse and Neglect”, available at www.nccanch.hhs.gov.
Nawi, AM., Ismail, R., Ibrahim, F. (2021). Risk and protective factors of drug abuse among adolescents: a systematic review. BMC Public Health, 21:2088. 10.1186/s12889-021-11906-2
Park, S. M., Park, Y. A., Lee, H. W., Jung, H. Y., Lee, J. Y., & Choi, J. S. (2013). The effects of behavioral inhibition/approach system as predictors of Internet addiction in adolescents. Personality and Individual Differences, 54(1), 7-11.
Pascual, M., Montesinos, J., & Guerri, C. (2018). Role of the innate immune system in the neuropathological consequences induced by adolescent binge drinking. Journal of neuroscience research, 96(5), 765-780.
Schaaf, RC., Benevides, T., Blanche, EI. (2010). Parasympathetic functions in children with sensory processing disorder. Front Integr Neurosci, 4:4. Published 2010 Mar 9.
Schultz, DP., Schultz, SE. (2000). Theories of personality. Belmont, CA: Wadsworth Thompson Learning.
Shin, SH., Jiskrova, GK., Yoon, SH., Kobulsky, JM. (2020). Childhood maltreatment, motives to drink and alcohol-related problems in young adulthood. Child Abus Negl, 108:104657.
Slagt, M., Dubas, J. S., van Aken, M. A., Ellis, B. J., & Deković, M. (2018). Sensory processing sensitivity as a marker of differential susceptibility to parenting. Developmental Psychology, 54(3), 543–558.
Stenmark, C. K., & Redfearn, R. (2022). The role of sensory processing sensitivity and analytic mind-set in ethical decision-making. Ethics & Behavior, 32(4), 344-358.
Stevens, L., Verdejo–Garcia, A., Goudriaan, AE., Roeyers, H., Dom, G. (2014). Vanderplassch Impulsivity as a vulnerability factor for poor addiction treatment outcomes: A review of neurocognitive finding among individuals with substance use disorders. Journal of substance abuse treatment; 47: 72 – 58.
Thomasius, R., Paschke, K., & Arnaud, N. (2022). Substance-Use Disorders in Children and Adolescents. Deutsches Ärzteblatt International, 119(25).
Thorpe, HHA., Hamidullah, S., Jenkins, BW., Khokhar, JY. (2020). Adolescent neurodevelopment and substance use: receptor expression and behavioral consequences. Pharmacology & Therapeutics, 206:107431. Epub 2019/11/11. pmid:31706976
Wells, R., Jacomb, I., Swaminathan, V., Sundram, S., Weinberg, D., Bruggemann, J., ... & Weickert, T. W. (2020). The impact of childhood adversity on cognitive development in schizophrenia. Schizophrenia Bulletin, 46(1), 140-153.
Weydmann, G., Hauck Filho, N., & Bizarro, L. (2020). Acquiescent responding can distort the factor structure of the BIS/BAS scales. Personality and Individual Differences, 152, 109563.
Wicks-Nelson, R., & Israel, A. C. (2003). Behavior disorders of childhood. Prentice Hall/Pearson Education.
Winer, J. M., Yule, A. M., Hadland, S. E., & Bagley, S. M. (2022). Addressing adolescent substance use with a public health prevention framework: the case for harm reduction. Annals of medicine, 54(1), 2123-2136.
Yeşilay, BM. (2021). Dünya Uyuşturucu Raporu [UN World Report on Drugs]. Yeşilay. 2018. Retrieved from https:// www. yesil ay. org. tr/ tr/ haber ler/ bm- dunya- uyust urucu- raporuaciklandi. Accessed July 2021.
Yuferov, V., Butelman, E. R., Randesi, M., van den Brink, W., Blanken, P., van Ree, J. M., & Kreek, M. J. (2021). Association of serotonin transporter (SERT) polymorphisms with opioid dependence and dimensional aspects of cocaine use in a Caucasian cohort of opioid users. Neuropsychiatric Disease and Treatment, 659-670.