بررسی روابط ساختاری سیستم فعال ساز رفتاری و سیستم بازداری رفتاری با مشکلات درون سو و برون سو با توجه به نقش میانجی کارکرد های اجرایی گرم و سرد
محورهای موضوعی : روانشناسی
مرتضی پورصادق
1
(گروه روانشناسی بالینی، دانشگاه خوارزمی، تهران، ایران.)
مریم مقدسین
2
(گروه روانشناسی بالینی، دانشگاه خوارزمی، تهران، ایران.)
جعفر حسنی
3
(گروه روانشناسی بالینی، دانشگاه خوارزمی، تهران، ایران.)
کلید واژه: سیستم فعال ساز رفتاریسیستم بازداری رفتاری کارکرد های اجرایی گرمکارکرد های اجرایی سردمشکلات درون سو مشکلات برون سو ,
چکیده مقاله :
هدف از اجرای پژوهش حاضر، بررسی روابط ساختاری سیستم فعال ساز و بازداری رفتاری با مشکلات درون سو و برون سو، با توجه به نقش میانجی کارکرد های اجرایی گرم و سرد می باشد. روش پژوهش حاضر مدل یابی معادلات ساختاری بود. جامعه آماری شامل تمام دانشجویان 18 تا 25 ساله در دانشگاه های تهران در سال 98 بود. هم چنین، نمونه شامل160 دانشجوی کارشناسی و کارشناسی ارشد 19 تا 25 ساله به روش نمونه گیری در دسترس انتخاب شده و با استفاده از آزمون های شناختی مکعب های کرسی، فلنکر، کارت های ویسکانسین، آزمون قمار، آیوا، استروپ هیجانی و پرسشنامه کاهش ارزش تاخیر، پرسشنامه ی سیستم ارزیابی کودکان و نوجوانان برای افراد 18 تا 25 سال و پرسشنامه ی حساسیت به تنبیه و حساسیت به پاداش، مورد آزمون قرار گرفتند. نتایج نشان داد که رابطه ی مستقیم بین متغیر نهفته سیستم های فعال ساز و بازداری رفتاری با متغیر های نهفته ی کارکرد های اجرایی سرد و گرم(b = -0/71, p value < 0/05) ، مشکلات درون سو (b = 0/33, p value < 0/05) و مشکلات برون سو (b = -0/21, p value < 0/05) معنادار می باشد. هم چنین، رابطه ی غیر مستقیم میان متغیر نهفته ی سیستم های فعال ساز و بازداری رفتاری با متغیر های مشکلات درون سو(b = 0/84, p value < 0/05) و مشکلات برون سو(b = 0/46, p value < 0/05) نیز ضریب مسیر مثبت و معناداری را نشان می دهد. معنادار بودن رابطه مستقیم سیستم های فعال ساز و بازداری رفتاری با مشکلات درون سو و برون سو نشان می دهد که کژ تنظیمی این دو سیستم، می تواند سبب بروز طیفی از علائم روانپزشکی در افراد شود. هم چنین، معناداری نقش میانجی کارکردهای اجرایی سرد و گرم در رابطه بین سیستم های فعال ساز و بازداری رفتاری و مشکلات درون سو و برون سو، بیانگر آن است که کارکردهای اجرایی می توانند در عملکرد سیستم های بازداری و فعال ساز رفتاری دارای نقش تنظیم کننده باشند و از طریق اعمال کنترل بر این سیستم ها، در رابطه آن ها با مشکلات روانشناختی نقش تنظیمی ایفا نمایند. با توجه به امکان اجرای مداخلات شناختی برای بهبود کارکرد های اجرایی و هم چنین، کاربرد تشخیصی نیمرخ های فعالیت سیستم های بازداری و فعال ساز رفتاری و مشکلات کارکرد های اجرایی، نتایج این پژوهش از اهمیت تشخیصی و بالینی برخوردار می باشد.
The aim of the present study is to examine the relationship between internalizing/externalizing problems and behavioral activation/inhibition systems with regard to the mediating role of hot and cool executive functions. The method of the present study is structural equation modeling (SEM). Statistical population of this research was all of the students in universities of Tehran city, from which 160 subjects (18 to 25 years) were chosen using convenience sampling method. Assessment was conducted by 5 cognitive tests including Corsi blocks test, Flanker test, WCST, Iowa gambling task and Emotional stroop, and 3 questionnaires including Sensitivity to Punishment and Sensitivity to Reward Questionnaire (SPSSRQ), Behavior Assessment System for Children College self-report form (BASC-3 COL), and Kirby delay discounting questionnaire. The results indicated a direct and statistically significant path from behavioral activation/inhibition systems to hot and cool executive functions (b = 0/71, p value < 0/05) internalizing problems (b = 0/033, p value < 0/05) and externalizing problems (b = -0/21, p value < 0/05). In addition, results showed an indirect and statistically significant path from behavioral activation/inhibition systems to internalizing problems (b = 0/84, p value < 0/05) and externalizing problems (b = 0/46, p value < 0/05). Statistically significant relationship between behavioral activation/inhibition systems with internalizing and externalizing problems, suggests that dysregulation of these two systems can lead to an array of psychiatric symptoms. Moreover, the significance of the mediating role of hot and cool executive functions in relationship between behavioral activation/inhibition systems and internalizing/externalizing problems, indicates that executive functions might have a regulatory influence on the behavioral activation/inhibition systems and through this regulatory influence, executive functions may buffer the adverse effects of behavioral activation/inhibition dysregulation on psychological problems. According to the possibility of enhancing executive functioning abilities through cognitive interventions, and diagnostic applications of the different behavioral activation/inhibition and executive functioning activity profiles, results of this study have both diagnostic and clinical importance.
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