Comparison of Structural Equation Model of Automatic Cognitive Processing and Cognitive Fusion among the Students of Payamenoor University and University of Medical Sciences
Subject Areas : Psychology
Hossein
Zare
1
(دانشگاه پیام نور)
Said
Talebi
2
(دانشگاه پیام نور تهران)
Ahmad
Rastegar
3
(دانشگاه پیام نور تهران)
Keywords: structural equation model automatic cognitive processing cognitive fusion,
Abstract :
The main aim of this study was to present a structural equation model of cognitive fusion and Automatic Cognitive Processing. The study is correlational. The population was the students of Payamenoor university of Fars province and university of medical sciences. By using Morgan formula and stratified sampling, 379 university students selected. The research instrument was a Cognitive Fusion Questionnaire (CFQ) of Gillanders et al (2010) and Automatic Cognitive Processing Questionnaire (ACPQ) from Hollon et al (1986) which was assessed by the use of a structural equation model. The direct effect of CFQ on Cognitive Fusion in the whole model (0.314), in Payamenoor University model (0.459) and in University of Medical Sciences model (0.261) is meaningful. The direct effect of cognitive fusion on cognitive defusion in all three models is significant. Finally, the direct effect of ACPQ on low self confidence, personal incompatibility and tendency to change, negative self image and negative expectations and loneliness in the whole model of Payamenoor University and University of Medical Sciences is statistically meaningful (0.05). by surveying the direct effects, it was found out that cognitive fusion has more effects on fusion that cognitive defusion. Also, ACPQ among the four indexes has more effects on personal incompatibility and tendency to change.
بريس، نيکلا، کمپ، ريچارد، سلنگار، رزمري.(1384). تحليل دادههاي روانشناسی. ترجمة خديجه علي آبادي و علي صمدي. تهران: انتشارات دوران.
پورمحمدی، سمیه؛ باقری، فریبرز (۱۳۹۴)؛ اثربخشی آموزش ذهن آگاهی بر پردازش شناختی خودکار. مطالعات روانشناختی،۱۱(۳)،۱۴۱-۱۶۰.
حاتم خانی، سجاد(۱۳۹۰). رابطة ذهن آگاهی، انعطافپذیری شناختی و علائم آسیبشناسی روانی. پایاننامه کارشناسی ارشد دانشگاه تربیت مدرس تهران.
شاهقلیان، مهناز؛ آزاد فلاح ، پرویز؛ فتحی آشتیانی، علی (۱۳۹۵)؛ اثر پردازشهای فراشناختی بر فعالیت ناحیهای مغز با توجه به اضطراب و زودانگیختگی. مجلة روانشناسی،۲۰(۳)،۲۴۴-۲۶۲.
شهابی نژاد، مریم؛ صادقی،تابنده؛ ریاحی ،مرضیه؛ کریم قاسمی، اسماعیل؛ اسماعیل زاده، شایسته (۱۳۹۱)؛ مقایسه وضعیت روانی دانشجویان پزشکی و غیرپزشکی دانشگاههای دولتی شهر رفسنجان. مجله سلامت جامعه، ۶(۳)،۴۵-۳۹.
صیف، محمد حسن (۱۳۹۶)؛ مدل علي تطبيقي فرسودگي تحصيلي در بين دانشجويان دانشگاه علوم پزشكي و پيام نور. مجله ايراني آموزش در علوم پزشكي ،۱۷(۲)،۲۳-۱۱.
نیتی، ربابه؛ الهی ، طاهره؛ صالحی، جواد (۱۳۹۵)؛ تأثیر خستگی شناختی بر میزان گوش بزنگی افراد با حافظه کاری بالا و پایین. مجلة روانشناسی،۲۰(۲)،۱۷۴-۱۸۸.
هومن،حيدر علي(1393).مدل يابي معادلات ساختاري با کاربرد نرمافزار ليزرل، تهران: سمت.
Aydın, B. (1990). Depression, cognitive distortions, and academic success in university students. Marmara University, Journal of Faculty of Education, 2, 27–36.
Baer, R. A. (2006). Mindfulness-based treatment approaches: Clinicians guide to evidence base and application. USA: Academic Press is an imprint of Elsevier.
Bardeen, J. (2016). The interactive effect of cognitive fusion and experiential avoidance on anxiety, depression, stress and posttraumatic stress. Journal of Contextual Behavioral Science, doi:10.1016/j.jcbs.2016.02.002.
Berkelhammer, L. (2012). Cognitive fusion: http://en.wikipedia.org/ wiki/Acceptance_and_Commitment_Therapy
Brent, D. A. (2012). Cognitive Fusion. http://www .livingwellfeelinggood. Com/2012/01/ cognitive-fusion/.
Ganellen, R. J. (1988). Specificity of attributions and overgeneralization in depression and anxiety. Journal of Abnormal Psychology, 97, 83–86.
Gefen, D. , Straub D. W, & Boudreau, M. (2000). Structural equation modeling and regression: Guidelines for research practice. Common Assoc. For Inform. Sys. 4(7): 1-78.
Gillanders, D., Ashleigh, K.S., Margaret, M. & Kirsten, J. (2015). Illness cognitions, cognitive fusion, avoidance and self-compassion as predictors of distress and quality of life in a heterogeneous sample of adults, after cancer. J. Contextual Behav., Sci., 4: 300-311.
Gillanders, D.; Bolderston, H.; Bond, F. W.; Dempster, M.; Flaxman, P.E.; Campbell, L.; Kerr, S.; Tansey, L.; Noel, P.; Ferenbach, C.; Masley, S.; Roach, L.; Lloyd, J.; May, L.; Clarke, S. & Remington, B. (2014). “The development and initialvalidation of The Cognitive Fusion Questionnaire”. Behavior Therapy, 45(1), 83101
Gillanders, D. T., Bolderston, H., Bond, F. W, Dempster, M.,Campbell, L., Kerr, S., Tanse, L.,Clarke, S., Remington, B., Flaxman, P. & Deans, G. (2010). The Cognitive Fusion Questionnaire :http://contextualpsychology .org/node/4249.
Hayes, S.C., Barnes-Holmes, D., & Roche, B. (Eds.) (2001). Relational frame theory: A post Skinnerian account of human language and cognition. New York: Plenum Press.
Hayes, S.C., Strosahl, K.D., & Wilson, K.G. (1999). Acceptance and commitment therapy: An experiential approach to behaviour change. Guilford: New York.
Hayes, S.C., Strosahl, K.D., Bunting, K., Twohig, M., & Wilson, K.G. (2004). What is acceptance and commitment therapy? In S.C. Hayes & K.D. Strosahl (Eds.), A practical guide to acceptance and Commitment Therapy (pp.3-29). New York: Springer-Verlag.
Heeren, A., Van Broeck, N., & Philippot, P. (2009). The effects of mindfulness on executive processes and autobiographical memory specificity. Behavior Research and Therapy 47, 403–409.
Hoglund, C. L., & Collison, B. B. (1989). Loneliness and irrational beliefs among college students. Journal of College Student Development, 30, 53–57.
Hollon, S. D., Kendall, P. C., & Lumry, A. (1986). Specificity of depressotypic cognitions in clinical depression. Journal of Abnormal Psychology, 95, 52–59.
Hooper, D. , Coughlan, J. & Mullen, M. R (2008). “Structural equation modeling: Guidelines for determining model fit. ” The electronic Journal of Business Research Methods. 6 (1), 53 - 60, available online at www.ejbrm.com
Jöreskog, K. G. & Sörbom, D (1983). Lisrel analysis of linear structural relations by the method of maximum likelihood. 2nd National Educational Resources, Chicago.
Knight, G. P. , Virdin, L. M. , Ocampo, K. A. , & Roosa, M. (1994). An examination of the cross ethnic equivalence of measures of negative life events and mental health among Hispanic and Anglo-American Children. American Journal of Community Psychology, 22, 767–783.
Luoma, J. & Hayes, S. C. (2003). Cognitive defusion. In W. T. O’Donohue, J. E. Fisher, & S. C. Hayes (Eds.), Empirically supported techniques of cognitive behavior therapy: A step by step guide for clinicians. New York: Wiley.
Markland, D. (2006). Latent variable modeling: An introduction to confirmatory factor analysis and structural equation modeling. University of Wales, Bangor. Available at http: //www. bangor.ac.uk/
Masuda, A., Hayes, S.C., Sackett, C.F., & Twohig, M.P. (2004). Cognitive defusion and selfrelevant negative thoughts: Examining the impact of a ninety year old technique. Behaviour Research and Therapy, 42, 477-485.
Ning, L.; Li, F.; Yang, X.; Ge, H. & Liu, J. (2014). “Investigation research of occupational stress and job burnout for oil field workers in Xinjiang”. Wei Sheng Yan Jiu. Journal of Hygiene Research, 43(2), 245–249.
Nunnally. J. C. & Bernstein. I. H. (1994). Psychometric theory (3rd ed) New York: McGraw-Hill.
Schenck,L.(2011). Acceptance and commitment therapy: http://www .mindfulnessmuse.com/acceptance-and-commitment-therapy/identify-cognitive-fusion/trackback
Shambaugh, Robert W. (2008). Teacher self-efficacy, collective teacher efficacy, automatic thoughts, states of mind, and stress in elementary school teachers. PCOM Psychology Dissertations. Paper 126.
Stirman, S.W.; Pontoski, K.; Creed, T.; Xhezo, R.; Evans, A. C.; Beck, A. T. & Crits-Christoph ,P. (2015). “A nonrandomized comparison of strategies for consultation in a community-academic training program to implement an evidence-based psychotherapy”. Administration and Policy in Mental Health. http://doi. org/10.1007/s10488-015-0700-7
Twohig, M., Masuda, A., Varra, A.A., & Hayes, S.C. (2005). Acceptance and commitment therapy as a treatment for anxiety disorders. In S. Orsillo & L. Roemes (Eds.), Acceptance and Mindfulness-Based Approaches to Anxiety. Conceptualisation and Treatment, Springer US.