A Model of the Relationship between Work Engagement and Job Burnout with Depression and Happiness: The Mediating Role of Positive and Negative Work-Family Spillover and Stress
Subject Areas :
1 - Department of Psychology, Faculty of Education and Psychology, University of Isfahan, Isfahan, Iran.
Keywords: work engagement, job burnout, positive and negative work-family spillover, perceived stress, happiness ,
Abstract :
This study aimed to determine the role of stress and work-family spillover steming from work engagement and burnout in predicting depression and happiness among employed men. This descriptive-correlational study utilized Structural Equation Modeling. The statistical population comprised employed men in Isfahan, from whom 181 individuals were selected through convenience sampling. Participants completed the Short Form Utrecht Work Engagement Scale, the Maslach Burnout Inventory, the Work-Family Positive and Negative Spillover Scale, the Perceived Stress Scale, the Oxford Happiness Questionnaire, and the Beck Depression Inventory-II. The findings showed that work engagement exerted a direct positive and significant effect on happiness (β=0.40, P<0.05), and an additional significant indirect effect on happiness was observed through positive work-family spillover (β =0.05, P<0.05). Furthermore, burnout led to a reduction in happiness among employed men via two distinct indirect pathways: first, through the mediation of negative work-family spillover (β=-0.08, P<0.05), and second, through a serial mediating pathway including negative work-family spillover followed by perceived stress (β=0.03, P<0.05). Moreover, burnout demonstrated a direct association with depression (β=-0.19, P<0.05) and contributed to an increase in depression via the serial indirect pathway from negative work-family spillover to perceived stress (β=-0.04, P<0.05). The final model exhibited good fit with the data across absolute, incremental, and parsimony indices. Work engagement protects well-being via positive emotions and home spillover. Job burnout, however, diminishes well-being and worsens depressive symptoms through negative emotions, spillover, and increased stress.
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