نقش بدرفتاري هاي عاطفي دوران کودکي در پيش بيني پرخاشگري بزرگسالي
محورهای موضوعی : روانشناسی
بهناز شیدعنبرانی
1
(دانشگاه فردوسی مشهد)
علیرضا گل
2
(دانشگاه فردوسی مشهد)
فاطمه فرهادیان
3
(دانشگاه فردوسی مشهد)
زهرا طبیبی
4
(دانشگاه فردوسی مشهد)
سید سجاد نامور طباطبایی
5
(دانشگاه فردوسی مشهد)
کلید واژه: بدرفتاري عاطفي, پرخاشگري, صفات مرضي شخصيت,
چکیده مقاله :
هدف از پژوهش حاضر تعيين نقش بدرفتاري هاي عاطفي دوران کودکي در پيش بيني پرخاشگري بزرگسالي با واسطه گري صفات مرضي شخصيت بود. اين پژوهش در چارچوب طرح همبستگي (توصيفي) است و جامعه آماري آن شامل تمام افراد بين 18 تا 50 سال بود. نمونة پژوهش حاضر 266 نفر بودند که به صورت در دسترس انتخاب گرديد. آزمودني ها، پرسشنامه هاي پرخاشگري باس- پري، پرسشنامه شخصيت براساس DSM-5 (PID-5) و تجارب دورة زندگي را به صورت داوطلبانه تکميل کردند. نتايج نشان دهندة اثر مستقيم ترکيب متغيرهاي بدرفتاريهاي عاطفي بر ترکيب متغيرهاي صفات مرضي 0/22، اثر مستقيم ترکيب متغيرهاي بدرفتاريهاي عاطفي بر پرخاشگري 0/24 و اثر مستقيم ترکيب متغيرهاي صفات مرضي بر پرخاشگري 0/64 بود. براساس آزمون تي مسيرهاي غيرمستقيم مدل معنادار ميباشد و اين حاکي از معني داري نقش واسطه اي صفات مرضي در ارتباط بين بدرفتاري هاي عاطفي دوران کودکي و پرخاشگري بزرگسالي است. از يافته هاي اين پژوهش مي توان نتيجه گرفت که مدل علي نقش ميانجي صفات مرضي شخصيت در رابطه ميان بدرفتاري هاي عاطفي دوران کودکي با پرخاشگري دوران بزرگسالي تأييد مي شود.
The aim of this study was to determine the role of childhood emotional (affective) maltreatments (abuse) in predicting adult aggression with the mediating role of pathological (morbid) personality traits. This research was a descriptive correlational study and the statistical population included all persons between 18 and 50 years old. The sample of this study was 266 people who were selected through available sampling. Subjects completed the Buss-Perry Aggression Questionnaire (AQ), DSM-5 Personality Inventory (PID-5) and Life Experiences Questionnaire (LEQ) on a voluntary basis. The direct effect of emotional maltreatment variables on the morphological variables was 0.22, the direct effect of the emotional maltreatment variables on aggression was 0.24 and the direct effect of combining morbidity variables on aggression was 0.64. According to the t-test, the indirect paths of the model are significant, indicating a significant mediating role of pathological characteristics in the relationship between childhood emotional abuse and adult aggression. From the findings of this study, it can be concluded that the causal model of the mediating role of pathological (morbid) personality traits is confirmed in relationship between childhood emotional maltreatment and adulthood aggression.
بشرپور، سجاد.، و ميري، ميرنادر. (1397). نقش واسطهاي بياشتياقي اخلاقي در رابطهي بين صفات تاريک شخصيت و استعداد خيانت زناشويي. مجلة روانشناسي، 22 (3)، 286-271.
بشيري، ابوالقاسم. (1387). سطح پرخاشگرى و ارتباط آن با مؤلفههاى شخصيت دانش آموزان دختر و پسر دبيرستان، پاياننامه کارشناسى ارشد، قم: مؤسسه آموزشى و پژوهشى امام خمينى رحمه اﷲ.
فرازمند، شيرين.، محمدخاني، پروانه.، پورشهباز. عباس.، و دولتشاهي. بهروز. (1396). نقش منابع بدرفتاريهايهاي عاطفي دوران کودکي در پيشبيني طرحواره هاي ناسازگار شرطي و غير شرطي در بزرگسالي. انديشه و رفتار، 44 (11)، 46-37.
محمدي، نوراله. (1385). بررسي مقدماتي شاخصهاي روانسنجي پرسشنامه پرخاشگري باس- پري. علوم اجتماعي و انساني دانشگاه شيراز. 4 (25)، 135-151.
موسوي هندري، طليعه.، محمود عليلو، مجيد.، و مدني، ياسر. (1397). روابط ساختاري کودک آزاري و بدتنظيمي هيجاني با نشانههاي شخصيت مرزي. مجلة روانشناسي. 22 (2)، 201-188.
American Psychiatric Association. Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders (DSM-5). Washington, DC: American Psychiatric Pub; 2013
Anderson, C. A., & Bushman, B. J. (2002). Human aggression. Annual Review of Psychology, 53.
Atkins, L. (2017). Childhood maltreatment and adult aggression: The mediating role of maladaptive schemas. Miami University.
Berkowitz, L. (1993). Aggression: Its causes, consequences, and control: McGraw-Hill Book Company.
Bernstein, D. P., Stein, J. A., Newcomb, M. D., Walker, E., Pogge, D., Ahluvalia, T. & Zule, W. (2003). Development and validation of a brief screening version of the Childhood Trauma Questionnaire. Child Abuse & Neglect, 27(2), 169-190.
Berzenski, S. R., & Yates, T. M. (2010). A developmental process analysis of the contribution of childhood emotional abuse to relationship violence. Journal of Aggression, Maltreatment & Trauma, 19(2), 180-203.
Brown, G. R., & Anderson, B. (1991). Psychiatric morbidity in adult inpatients with childhood histories of sexual and physical abuse. American Journal of Psychiatry, 148(1), 55-61.
Buss, A. H., & Perry, M. (1992). The Aggression Questionnaire. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 63(3), 452-459.
Calvete, E., & Orue, I. (2013). Cognitive mechanisms of the transmission of violence: Exploring gender differences among adolescents exposed to family violence. Journal of Family Violence, 28, 73-84.
Cicchetti, D., & Doyle, C. (2016). Child maltreatment, attachment and psychopathology: Mediating relations. World Psychiatry, 15(2), 89.
Crawford, E., & Wright, M. O. D. (2007). The impact of childhood psychological maltreatment on interpersonal schemas and subsequent experiences of relationship aggression. Journal of Emotional Abuse, 7(2), 93-116.
Czar, K. A., Dahlen, E. R., Bullock, E. E., & Nicholson, B. C. (2011). Psychopathic personality traits in relational aggression among young adults. Aggressive Behavior, 37(2), 207-214.
Dodge, K. A., & Pettit, G. S. (2003). A biopsychosocial model of the development of chronic conduct problems in adolescence. Developmental Psychology, 39, 349-3.
Egan, V, & Campbell, V. (2009).Sensational interests, sustaining fantasies and personality predict physical aggression. Personality and Individual Differences, 47(5), 464-469.
Fang, X., & Corso, P. S. (2007). Child maltreatment, youth violence, and intimate partner 52 violence: Developmental relationships. American Journal of Preventive Medicine, 33, 281-290.
Frazzetto, G., Di Lorenzo, G., Carola, V., Proietti, L., Sokolowska, E., Siracusano, A., & Troisi, A. (2007). Early trauma and increased risk for physical aggression during adulthood: The moderating role of MAOA genotype. PloS one, 2(5), e486.
Gibb, B. E., Alloy, L. B., Abramson, L. Y., Rose, D. T., Whitehouse, W. G. Donovan, P., Hogan, M. E., Cronholm, J., & Tierney, S. (2001). History of childhood maltreatment, negative cognitive styles, and episodes of depression in adulthood. Cognitive Therapy and Research, 25, 425-446.
González, R. A., Kallis, C., Ullrich, S., Barnicot, K., Keers, R., & Coid, J. W. (2016). Childhood maltreatment and violence: Mediation through psychiatric morbidity. Child Abuse & Neglect, 52, 70-84.
Griffin, S. A., & Samuel, D. B. (2014). A closer look at the lower-order structure of the Personality Inventory for DSM-5: Comparison with the Five-Factor Model. Personality Disorders: Theory, Research, and Treatment, 5(4), 406.
Harper, F. W., & Arias, I. (2004). The role of shame in predicting adult anger and depressive symptoms among victims of child psychological maltreatment. Journal of Family Violence, 19(6), 359-367.
Hart, E., & Ostrov, J. (2013). Functions of aggressive behavior and future functional impairment. Early Childhood Research Quarterly, 28, 683-691.
Hopwood, C. J., Wright, A. G., Krueger, R. F., Schade, N., Markon, K. E., & Morey, L. C. (2013). DSM-5 pathological personality traits and the Personality Assessment Inventory. Assessment, 20(3), 269-285.
Hund, A. R., & Espelage, D. L. (2006). Childhood emotional abuse and disordered eating among undergraduate females: Mediating influence of alexithymia and distress. Child Abuse & Neglect, 30, 24-30.
Kaufman, J., & Zigler, E. (1987). Do abused children become abusive parents? American Journal of Orthopsychiatry, 57, 186–192.
Kent, A., & Waller, G. (2000). Childhood emotional abuse and eating psychopathology. Clinical Psychology Review, 20(7), 887-903.
Krueger, R. F., Derringer, J., Markon, K. E., Watson, D., & Skodol, A. E. (2011). Initial construction of a maladaptive personality trait model and inventory for DSM-5. Psychological Medicine, 42(9), 1879-1890.
Krueger, R. F., & Markon, K. E. (2014). The role of the DSM‐5 personalityctrait model in moving toward a quantitative and empirically based approach to classifying personality and psychopathology. Annual Review of Clinical Psychology, 10, 477–501.
Lake, S., Wood, E., Dong, H., Dobrer, S., Montaner, J., & Kerr, T. (2015). The impact of childhood emotional abuse on violence among people who inject drugs. Drug and Alcohol Review, 34(1), 4-9.
Lansford, J. E., Malone, P. S., Stevens, K. I., Dodge, K. A., Bates, J. E., & Pettit, G.S. (2006) Developmental trajectories of externalizing and internalizing behaviors: Factors underlying resilience in physically abused children. Development and Psychopathology, 18, 35–55.
Loeber, R., & Hay, D. (1997). Key issues in the development of aggression and violence from childhood to early adulthood. Annual Review of Psychology, 48(1), 371-410.
Markey, P. M., & Markey, C. N. (2010). Vulnerability to violent video games: A review and integration of personality research. Review of General Psychology, 14(2), 82.
McCrory, E. J., & Viding, E. (2015). The theory of latent vulnerability: Reconceptualizing the link between childhood maltreatment and psychiatric disorder. Development and Psychopathology, 27(2), 493-505.
Mills, P., Newman, E. F., Cossar, J., & Murray, G. (2015). Emotional maltreatment and disordered eating in adolescents: Testing the mediating role of emotion regulation. Child Abuse & Neglect, 39, 156-166.
Naughton, A. M., Maguire, S. A., Mann, M. K., Lumb, R. C., Tempest, V., Gracias, S., & Kemp, A. M. (2013). Emotional, behavioral, and developmental features indicative of neglect or emotional abuse in preschool children: a systematic review. JAMA Pediatrics, 167(8), 769-775.
Newbury, J. B., Arseneault, L., Moffitt, T. E., Caspi, A., Danese, A., Baldwin, J. R., & Fisher, H. L. (2018). Measuring childhood maltreatment to predict early-adult psychopathology: Comparison of prospective informant-reports and retrospective self-reports. Journal of Psychiatric Research, 96, 57-64.
Ozdemir, Y., Vazsonyi, A. T., & Cok, F. (2013). Parenting processes and aggression: The role of self-control among Turkish adolescents. Journal of Adolescence, 36, 65-77.
Şenkal Ertürk, İ., Kahya, Y., & Gör, N. (2018). Childhood emotional maltreatment and aggression: The mediator role of the early maladaptive schema domains and difficulties in emotion regulation. Journal of Aggression, Maltreatment & Trauma, 1-19.
Sharma, A. (2011). Aggression in adolescents: Inter play of family and school environment. British Journal of Humanities and Social Sciences, 1(2), 121-133.
Spinhoven, P., Elzinga, B. M., Van Hemert, A. M., de Rooij, M., & Penninx, B. W. (2016). Childhood maltreatment, maladaptive personality types, level, and course of psychological distress: A six-year longitudinal study. Journal of Affective Disorders, 191, 100-108.
Trickett, P. K., Noll, J. G., & Putnam, F. W. (2011). The impact of sexual abuse on female development: Lessons from a multigenerational, longitudinal research study. Development and Psychopathology, 23(2), 453-476.
Vrabel, J. K., Zeigler-Hill, V., McCabe, G. A., & Baker, A. D. (2019). Pathological personality traits and immoral tendencies. Personality and Individual Differences, 140, 82-89.
Wekerle, C. (2011). Emotionally maltreated: The under-current of impairment? Child Abuse and Neglect-the International Journal, 35(10), 899.
Wheatley, A., Murrihy, R., Van Kessel, J., Wuthrich, V., Remond, L., Tuqiri, R., & Kidman, A. (2009). Aggression management training for youth in behaviour schools: A quasi-experimental study. Youth Studies Australia, 28(1), 29.
White, C. R., English, D., Thompson, R., & Roberts, Y. H. (2015). Youth self-report of emotional maltreatment: Concordance with official reports and relation to outcomes. Children and Youth Services Review, 62, 111-112.