ادراک از سبک‌های والدگری و مؤلفه‌های شکوفایی در پیش بزرگسالی: نقش واسطه‌ای راهبردهای مدیریت زندگی
محورهای موضوعی : روانشناسی
ریحانه اسکندری
1
,
الهه حجازی
2
*
,
زهرا نقش
3
1 - گروه روانشناسی، دانشکده روانشناسی و علوم تربیتی، دانشگاه تهران، تهران.
2 - گروه روانشناسی، دانشکده روانشناسی و علوم تربیتی، دانشگاه تهران، تهران.
3 - گروه روانشناسی، دانشکده روانشناسی و علوم تربیتی، دانشگاه تهران، تهران.
کلید واژه: پیش بزرگسالی, ادراک از سبک‌های والدگری, راهبردهای مدیریت زندگی, تحول مثبت جوانی, شکوفایی.,
چکیده مقاله :
پژوهش حاضر با هدف تعیین نقش واسطه ای راهبردهای مدیریت زندگی در رابطه بین ادراک سبک های والدگری و مؤلفه های شکوفایی در دانشجویان پیش بزرگسال انجام شد. نمونه‌ای به حجم ۴۸۷ دانشجوی 29-18 ساله با روش داوطلبانه به پرسشنامه ای متشکل از مقیاس‌های ادارک از سبک‌های والدگری (گرولنیک و همکاران، 1997)، راهبردهای مدیریت زندگی (گلدهاف و همکاران، 2015)، و تحول مثبت جوانی (آرنولد و همکاران، 2012) به صورت بر خط پاسخ دادند. داده ها با روش مدل یابی معادلات ساختاری تحلیل شدند و نتایج نشان داد ادراک از سبک های والدگری و راهبردهای مدیریت زندگی بر مؤلفه های شکوفایی در پیش بزرگسالی اثر مثبت و معناداری دارد. همچنین اثر غیر مستقیم ادراک از سبک های والدگری با واسطه راهبردهای مدیریت زندگی بر شکوفایی معنادار است. نتایج همچنین نشان داد مدل ادراک از سبک والدگری مادر 40 درصد و مدل ادراک از سبک والدگری پدر 45 درصد واریانس شکوفایی را تبیین می کنند. بطورکلی می توان گفت که ادراک از سبک های والدگری والدین می تواند به همراه متغیر فردی راهبردهای مدیریت زندگی بر شکوفایی دوران پیش بزرگسالی تاثیر داشته باشد.
The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between perception of parenting styles and components of thriving with mediating role of life management strategies among emerging adulthood. A total of 487 Universities students 18-29 yerars old emerging adults responding a survey included the Inventory of the The questionnaire of perceived parenting practices (Grolnick et al., 1997) , Life-management strategies questionnaire (Geldhof et al., 2015) and Positive Youth Development Inventory (Arnold et al., 2012) volunteerly. Data were analaysed with structural equation model method and the results show the Perception of Parenting styles and Life-management strategies have positive significance effect on thriving. Furthermore the indirect effect of Perception of Parenting styles via mediating role of life management strategies on thriving is significant. As results indicated the model of Perception of mother predict 40% variation of thriving and the model of Perception of father 45% variation of thriving. In general our findings suggest that Perception of Parenting styles alongside individual variable can affect on thriving in emerging adulthood.
حجازی، الهه. 1396. روانشناسی تربیتی در هزاره سوم. موسسه انتشارات دانشگاه تهران.
حجازی، الهه. سلیمانی، زهره. لاری، نرجس. (1398). پایان نوجوانی، آغاز بزرگسالی: شکل‌گیری مرحله تحولی ظهور بزرگسالی. نشریه علمی رویش روان شناسی، 8(7)، 172-163.
مرزیه، افسانه. اژه‌ای، جواد. حجازی، الهه. قاضی طباطبایی، محمود. (1392). رابطه سبک تدریس ادراک شده، انگیزش خودمختار و خلاقیت: ارائه مدل خلاقیت بر اساس نظریه خودتعیین‌گری. فصلنامه روانشناسی، 4، 350-364.
مهدوي مزده، مامک؛ حجازي، الهه؛ نقش، زهرا. (1397) رابطه ادراك ازسبک هاي والدینی با تاب آوري: نقش واسطه اي عاملیت انسانی. فصلنامه روانشناسی، 87، 326-343.
Arnett, J. J. (2000). Emerging adulthood: A theory of development from the late teens through the twenties. American psychologist, 55(5), 469-80.
Arnett, J. J. (2006). Emerging adulthood: Understanding the new way of coming of age. In J. J. Arnett & J. L. Tanner (Eds.), Emerging adults in America: Coming of age in the 21st century (pp. 3–19). Washington, DC: American Psychological Association.
Arnett, J. J. (2014). Emerging adulthood: The winding road from the late teens through the twenties. Oxford University Press.
Baker, C. N., & Hoerger, M. (2012). Parental child-rearing strategies influence self-regulation, socio-emotional adjustment, and psychopathology in early adulthood: Evidence from a retrospective cohort study. Personality and individual differences, 52(7), 800-805.
Barry, C. M., Padilla-Walker, L. M., Madsen, S. D., & Nelson, L. J. (2008). The impact of maternal relationship quality on emerging adults’ prosocial tendencies: Indirect effects via regulation of prosocial values. Journal of Youth and Adolescence, 37(5), 581-591.
Benson, P. L., Scales, P. C., and Syvertsen, A. K. (2011). The contribution of the developmental assets framework to positive youth development theory and practice. In R. M. Lerner, J. V. Lerner, and J. B. Benson (Eds.), Advances in Child Development and Behavior: Positive youth Development Research and Applications for Promoting Thriving in Adolescence (pp. 198-232). London, UK: Elsevier.
Bowers, E. P., Gestsdottir, S., Geldhof, G. J., Nikitin, J., von Eye, A., & Lerner, R. M. (2011). Developmental trajectories of intentional self-regulation in adolescence: The role of parenting and implications for positive and problematic outcomes among diverse youth. Journal of adolescence, 34(6), 1193-1206.
Brandtstädter, J. (2006). Action perspectives on human development. In W. Damon & R.M. Lerner (Eds.), Handbook of child psychology. Vol. 1: Theoretical models of human development (6th ed., pp. 516–568). Hoboken: Wiley.
Darling, N., & Steinberg, L. (1993). Parenting style as context: An integrative model. Psychological bulletin, 113(3), 487-496.
Deci, E. L., & Ryan, R. M. (1995). Human autonomy. In Efficacy, agency, and self-esteem (pp. 31-49). Springer, Boston, MA.
Freund, A. M., Napolitano, C. M., & Rutt, J. L. (2018). Personality development in adulthood: A goal perspective. In D. P. McAdams, R. L. Shiner, & J. L. Tackett (Eds.). Handbook of personality development (pp. 313–327). New York, NY: The Guilford Press.
Freund, A. M. and P. B. Baltes (2002). "Life-management strategies of selection, optimization and compensation: Measurement by self-report and construct validity." Journal of personality and social psychology 82(4): 642-662.
Freund, A. M. (2008). Successful aging as management of resources: The role of selection, optimization, and compensation. Research in Human Development, 5(2), 94-106.
Gestsdóttir, S., Geldhof, G. J., Lerner, J. V., & Lerner, R. M. (2017). What drives positive youth development? Assessing intentional self-regulation as a central adolescent asset. International Journal of Developmental Science, 11(3), 1–11.
Gestsdóttir, S., & Lerner, R. M. (2007). Intentional self-regulation and positive youth development in early adolescence: Findings from the 4-h study of positive youth development. Developmental psychology, 43(2), 508-521.
Gestsdóttir, S., Lewin-Bizan, S., von Eye, A., Lerner, J. V., & Lerner, R. M. (2009). The structure and function of selection, optimization, and compensation in adolescence: theoretical and applied implications. Journal of Applied Developmental Psychology, 30(5), 585–600.
Gestsdottir, S., Urban, J. B., Bowers, E. P., Lerner, J. V., & Lerner, R. M. (2011). Intentional self-regulation, ecological assets, and thriving in adolescence: A developmental systems model. New Directions for Child and Adolescent Development, 133, 61–76.
Grolnick, W. S., Ryan, R. M. & Deci, E. L. (1997). Internalization in the family: The self-determination perspective. In J. E. Grusec and L. Kuczynski (Eds.) Parenting and children’s internalization of values. NY: Wiley.
Grolnick, W. S., & Farkas, M. (2002). Parenting and the development of children’s self-regulation. Handbook of parenting, 5, 89-110.
Lerner, R. M. (2005, September). Promoting positive youth development: Theoretical and empirical bases. In White paper prepared for the workshop on the science of adolescent health and development, national research council/institute of medicine. Washington, DC: National Academies of Science.
Lerner, R. M., von Eye, A., Lerner, J. V., & Lewin-Bizan, S. (2009). Exploring the foundations and functions of adolescent thriving within the 4-H study of positive youth development: A view of the issues. Journal of applied developmental psychology.30(5), 567-570.
Lerner, R. M., Lerner, J. V., Bowers, E. P., Lewin‐Bizan, S., Gestsdottir, S., & Urban, J. B. (2011). Self‐regulation processes and thriving in childhood and adolescence: A view of the issues. New Directions for Child and Adolescent Development, 133, 1-9.
Lerner, R. M., Bowers, E. P., Geldhof, G. J., Gestsdóttir, S., & DeSouza, L. (2012). Promoting positive youth development in the face of contextual changes and challenges: The roles of individual strengths and ecological assets. New directions for youth development, 133, 119-128.
Lerner, R. M., Lerner, J. V., P. Bowers, E., & John Geldhof, G. (2015). Positive youth development and relational‐developmental‐systems. In P. C. Molenaar & W. F. Overton and R. M. Lerner (Eds.) Handbook of child psychology and developmental science, (7 th ed., pp. 607-644). Hoboken, New Jersey: John Wiley & Sons.
Lewin-Bizan, S., Bowers, E. P., & Lerner, R. M. (2010). One good thing leads to another: Cascades of positive youth development among American adolescents. Development and psychopathology, 22(4), 759-770.
Moilanen, K. L., & Manuel, M. L. (2017). Parenting, self-regulation and social competence with peers and romantic partners. Journal of Applied Developmental Psychology, 49, 46-54.
Moilanen, K. L., & Rambo-Hernandez, K. E. (2017). Effects of maternal parenting and mother-child relationship quality on short-term longitudinal change in self-regulation in early adolescence. The Journal of Early Adolescence, 37(5), 618-641.
Mueller, M. K., et al. (2011). "Youth development program participation and intentional self-regulation skills: Contextual and individual bases of pathways to positive youth development." Journal of adolescence 34(6): 1115-1125.
Napolitano, C. M., Bowers, E. P., Gestsdottir, S., Depping, M., von Eye, A., Chase, P., & Lerner, J. V. (2011). The role of parenting and goal selection in positive youth development: A person-centered approach. Journal of adolescence, 34(6), 1137-1149.
Raffaelli, M., Crockett, L. J., & Shen, Y. L. (2005). Developmental stability and change in self-regulation from childhood to adolescence. The Journal of Genetic Psychology, 166(1), 54-76.
Ryan, R. & Deci, E. l. (2000a). Self –determination theory and facilitation of intrinsic motivation, social development, and well- being. American psychologist, 55, 68- 78.
Stormshak, E., DeGarmo, D., Chronister, K., & Caruthers, A. (2018). The impact of family-centered prevention on self-regulation and subsequent long-term risk in emerging adults. Prevention Science, 19(4), 549-558.
Tagliabue, S., Crocetti, E., & Lanz, M. (2016). Emerging adulthood features and criteria for adulthood: Variable-and person-centered approaches. Journal of Youth Studies, 19(3), 374-388.
Sarwar Kabir, Russell & Wiium, Nora (2021). Positive Youth Development and Environmental Concerns Among Youth and Emerging Adults in Ghana. In: Dimitrova, R., Wiium, N. (eds) Handbook of Positive Youth Development: Advancing the Next Generation of Research, Policy and Practice in Global Contexts. (pp. 81-94). Springer Series on Child and Family Studies. Springer, Cham.
Shek, D. T., Dou, D., Zhu, X., & Chai, W. (2019). Positive youth development: Current perspectives. Adolescent health, medicine and therapeutics, 131-141.
Zimmerman, S. M., Phelps, E., & Lerner, R. M. (2008). Positive and negative developmental trajectories in US adolescents: Where the positive youth development perspective meets the deficit model. Research in Human Development, 5(3), 153-165.