Phenomenological Analysis of Students’ Perception of Teacher’s Effective Features and Actions in Teacher-Student Relationship
Subject Areas : PsychologyNarjes Lari 1 * , Elahe Hejazi 2 , Bahram Joukar 3 , Javad Ejei 4
1 - University of Tehran
2 - University of Tehran
3 - University of Tehran
4 - University of Tehran
Keywords: teacher-student relationship, phenomenology, teacher’s act, student’s perception,
Abstract :
This study aims to analyze students’ perceptions of the characteristics and actions of elementary school teachers that affects student teacher relationship. A qualitative phenomenological approach was used to achieve deep description of these characteristics. Semi-structured interviews, in oral and written format, were conducted with 99 primary school students studying in second to sixth grade (66 girls and 33 boys) who were selected from elementary schools in Shiraz. According to the findings of this study, autonomy support against control, competence, mastery goal support, care, engagement, mutual trust, and support for the class structure are the main themes of the teacher characteristics and functions that affect student teacher relationship. Implication of the findings in interventional plans for teacher-student interaction improvement is discussed in the end.
اشتراوس، انسلم و کوربين، جوليت.(1391). اصول روش تحقيق کيفي، فنون و مراحل توليد نظريه زمينه اي. ترجمه ابراهيم افشار، تهران: نشر ني.
الواني، سيدمهدي؛ خانباشي، محمد؛بودلايي، حسن (1393). تبيين مفهوم اپوخه در پژوهش هاي پديدارشناختي و کاربرد آن در حوزه کارآفريني. راهبرد. 71(23). 217-241.
بيرامي، منصور. هاشمي، تورج. فتحي آذر، اسکندر و علايي، پروانه(1391). قلدري سنتي در نوجوانان دختر مدارس راهنمايي: نقش کيفيت ارتباط معلم-دانشآموز. روانشناسي تربيتي،0(8)،151-176.
طباطبايي، امير؛ حسني، پرخيده؛ مرتضوي، حامد؛ طباطبايي چهر، محبوبه(1392). راهبردهايي براي ارتقاء دقت علمي در تحقيقات کيفي. مجله دانشگاه علوم پزشکي خراسان شمالي.5(3):670-663.
فتحي، بشارت (1384). پديدار شناسي به منزله روش پژوهش کيفي. مجله اطلاع شناسي. 7 و 8 - 157 تا 168.
محمدپور، احمد. رضايي، مهدي(1387). درک معنايي پيامدهاي ورود نوسازي به منطقه اورامان کردستان ايران به شيوه پژوهش زمينهاي. مجله جامعه شناسي ايران. 9، 1,2 (3)، 1387-33.
مومني، آزاده. خامسان، احمد. راستگومقدم، ميترا. طالب زاده شوشتري، ليلا (1396). شناسايي ويژگيها و کنش هاي معلم حمايت کننده از ديدگاه دانشآموزان: تحليل کيفي. پژوهشهاي تربيتي(35) 51-71.
Baker, J. A., Grant, S., & Morlock, L. (2008). The teacher-student relationship as a developmental context for children with internalizing or externalizing behavior problems. School Psychology Quarterly, 23(1), 3.
Bowlby, E. J. M. (2008). AttachmentL Volume One of the Attachment and Loss Trilogy. Random House.
Bronfenbrenner, U. (2005). Making human beings human: Biological perspectives on human development. Sage.
Connell, . P., & Wellborn, J. G. (1991). Competence, autonomy, and relatedness: A motivational analysis of self-system processes. In M. R. Gunnar & L. A. Sroufe (Eds.), The Minnesota symposium on child psychology (Vol. 22, (pp. 43–77). Hillsdale, NJ: Erlbaum.
Cornelius-White, J. (2007). Learner-centered teacher-student relationships are effective: A meta-analysis. Review of Educational Research, 77(1), 113-143.
Deci, E. L., & Ryan, R. M. (2000). The ‘‘what’’ and ‘‘why’’ of goal pursuits: Human needs and the self-determination of behavior. Psychological Inquiry, 11(4),227–268.
Elbaz, F. (1992). Hope, attentiveness, and caring for difference: The moral voice in teaching. Teaching and Teacher Education, 8, 421-432.
Frymier, A. B., & Wanzer, M. B. (2006). Teacher and student affinity-seeking in the classroom. In T. P. Mottet, V. P. Richmond, & J. C. McCroskey (Eds.), Handbook of instructional communication (pp.195-211). Boston, MA: Pearson Education, Inc.
Lerner, R. M., Johnson, S. K., & Buckingham, M, H. (2015). Relational developmental systems-based theories and the study of children and families: Lerner and Spanier (1978) revisited. Journal of Family Theory & Review, 7(2), 83-104.
McHugh, R. M., Horner, C. G., Colditz, J. B., & Wallace, T. L. (2013). Bridges and barriers: Adolescent perceptions of student–teacher relationships. Urban Education, 48(1), 9-43.
Newberry, M., & Davis, H. A. (2008). The role of elementary teachers’ conceptions of closeness to students on their differential behavior in the classroom. Teaching and Teacher Education, 24.
Pianta, R. C, Hamre, B., & Stuhlman, M. (2003). Relationships between teachers and children. In W. M.Reynolds & G. E. Miller (Eds.), Comprehensive handbook of psychology (Vol. 7, pp. 199–234). New York, NY:Wiley.
Pelletier, L. G., & Sharp, E. C. (2009). Administrative pressures and teachers’ interpersonal behaviour in the classroom. School Field, 7(2), 174-183.
Raider-Roth, M. B. (2005). Trusting what you know: Negotiating the relational context of classroom life. Teachers College Record, 107, 587-628.
Raufelder, D., Bukowski, W., & Mohr, S. ( 2013). Thick description of the teacher-student relationship in the educational context of school: Results of an ethnographic field study. Journal of Education and Training Studies, vol.1(No. 2).
Rhoads, K. V. L., & Cialdini, R. B. (2002). The business of influence: Principles that lead to success in commercial settings. In J. P. Dillard & M. Pfau (Eds.), The persuasion handbook: Developments in theory and practice (pp. 513-542)
Riley, P. (2009). An adult attachment perspective on the student–teacher relationship & classroom management difficulties. Teaching and Teacher Education, 25(5), 626-635.
Roberson, R. R. (2014). Understanding the development of legitimate teacher authority through the teacher-student relationship: A qualitative study. University of Oklahoma.
Roorda, D. L, Koomen, H. MY, Spilt, J. L, & Oort, F. J. (2011). The influence of affective teacher–student relationships on students’ school engagement and achievement a meta-analytic approach. Review of Educational Research, 81(4), 493-529.
Ryan, R. M., & Deci, E. L. (2000). Self-determination theory and the facilitation of intrinsic motivation, social development, and well-being. American Psychologist, 55(1), 68–78.
Schrodt, P., Witt, P. L., Turman, P. D., Myers, S. A., Barton, M. H., & Jernberg, K. A. (2009). Instructor credibility as a mediator of instructors’ prosocial communication behaviors and students’ learning outcomes. Communication Education, 58, 350-371.
Stroet, K., Opdenakker, M.Ch., & Minnaert, A. (2015). Need supportive teaching in practice: A narrative analysis in schools with contrasting educational approaches. Social Psychology of Education, 18(3), 585-613.
Thijs, J., & Fleischmann, F. (2015). Student–teacher relationships and achievement goal orientations: Examining student perceptions in an ethnically diverse sample. Learning and Individual Differences, 42, 53-63
Watson, J. (2013). Examining the influence of interpersonal calibration and mis-calibration on the teacher-student relationship. Master Dissertation in NCSU library.
Webb, K. & Blond, J. (1995). Teacher knowledge: The relationship between caring and knowing. Teaching and Teacher Education, 11, 611-625.