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        1 - Multilevel Analays of School Bonding from Elementary to High School
        Ali Rezaei Sharif Mahmood Gazi Tabatabaei Elahe Hejazi Javad Ejei
        This study examined school bonding and the factors that affect it in male and female students. Data were collected from 1071 students in 19 schools were chosen through cluster sampling (Levels proportional to size) from different regions of Ardabil and students complet More
        This study examined school bonding and the factors that affect it in male and female students. Data were collected from 1071 students in 19 schools were chosen through cluster sampling (Levels proportional to size) from different regions of Ardabil and students completed the of School Bonding Questionnaire (SBQ), Self Control Questionnaire, Self Efficacy Questionnaire, People in My Life Scale (PIML). Also, indivuduals of school employers completed the questionnaires of school climate and school status. Using hierarchical linear modeling showed that significant variation among schools in students school bonding, At the school-level, school climate, class size and school status was significantly related to variation among schools in school bonding and , At the student-level, age, gender, self control, self efficacy and transitional stage was significantly related to variation among schools in school bonding. This study examines school bonding and the factors that affect it among school students. Data collected from 1071 students in 19 schools were chosen through multiple steps random sampling (Levels proportional to size) from different regions of Ardabil and students completed the of School Bonding Questionnaire (SBQ), Self Control Questionnaire, Self Efficacy Guestionnaire, People in my Life Scale (PIML). Also school employer's completed the questionnaires of school climate and school status. using hierarchical linear modeling show that significant variation among schools in students school bonding, At the school-level, school climate, class size and school status was significantly related to variation among schools in school bonding and , At the student-level, age, gender, self control, self efficacy and transitional stage was significantly related to variation among schools in school bonding. Manuscript profile
      • Open Access Article

        2 - Making and Survey of Psychometric Features of Psychological-Marital Problems Questionnaire (PMPQ) in Women Who Field for a Divorce with a History of Early Marriage: A Mixed Study
        seyed javad seifi Ghozlu Esmaeil Sadri Damirchi ALI rezaei sharif Ali Sheykholeslami
        The aim of this study was to construct and validate a questionnaire on marriage problems in women who field for a divorce with a history of early marriage. The present research method is an exploratory-confirmatory design and consists of two stages. The first step is th More
        The aim of this study was to construct and validate a questionnaire on marriage problems in women who field for a divorce with a history of early marriage. The present research method is an exploratory-confirmatory design and consists of two stages. The first step is the qualitative method and the exploratory method is used to make the tool. For this purpose, while interviewing 15 women applicants for divorce in the form of interviews with focus groups to the theoretical extent of data saturation, the initial form of the questionnaire was prepared. In the second stage of the research, using a quantitative method, the validity and reliability of the Questionnaire were investigated. For this purpose, 160 people were selected by available sampling from among women who field for a divorce with a history of early marriage in Ardabil in 1399, and completed the psychological-marital problems questionnaire and the Depression, Anxiety and Stress Scale (DASS-21) and the Hudson Marital Satisfaction Questionnaire (1992). Data were analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistical methods using SPSS and AMOS software. The results showed that the psychological-marital problems questionnaire contained 28 questions and 7 approved dimensions, which are: Anxiety, depression, confusion, insecurity and pessimism, nostalgia and loss, lack of mutual understanding and marital conflict. Calculation of validity and reliability of the questionnaire showed that this Questionnaire has high validity and reliability. Therefore, it can be used in research and evaluation. Manuscript profile